Romans Bible Study Notes- Chapter 16

Romans 16

 

-Paul, as is his relational custom, greets and commends many brothers and sisters in Christ with personal greetings at the end of this inspired letter to Rome. His love is manifest for the partnership in Kingdom work and the sacrifices they have all made together for the sake of Christ and each other. His plea is for unity and oneness in the body of Christ as they grow and develop in the LORD. *Application* We need to be like Paul in our relational thoughts, prayers, and words. He took the time to say what he felt, and so should we toward the people we love.

-He does give some final instruction to the church. As words of warning he appeals to them to watch out for those who cause divisions (a canonical theme that will be taken up in the next book of the Bible after this one, 1 Corinthians, notice how these books tie together in a supernatural tapestry of knowledge and wisdom), and create obstacles (stumbling blocks) contrary to the doctrine he has taught them (Romans 16:17). These dividers and false teachers do not serve the Lord Jesus Christ out of a pure heart, but out of their own appetites (Romans 16:18). “By smooth talk (the Kingdom is not about talking and persuasive words, but power in the Lord, 1 Corinthians 2:4) and flattery they deceive the hearts of the naïve (Romans 16:18).” Paul rejoices over the Romans obedience, which is known to all, and he implores them to stay steadfastly innocent as to what is evil and wise as to what is good (Romans 16:19). The God of peace is promised to crush satan under His feet soon. Until then, the grace of the Lord Jesus Christ is promised to be with the brethren (Romans 16:20). *Application* Don’t be deceived in this age of deception. We live in a time much like Paul’s where there are many out to take advantage of non-discerning, innocent people. Don’t follow false shepherds. Don’t be pulled in by their smooth speech and empty promises. If they are dividing the Lord’s church, this is a red flag. If they preach a false doctrine contrary to the Scriptures, flee as fast as you can. Be vigilant (on guard, alert, watchful) against what is evil and cling to the good. Support those you know are walking with the Lord. God will give us peace in the battle and crush the enemy in time (Romans 16:20). That is His promise.

-Greetings from the sending party and Tertius, who wrote the letter as a basically a secretary for Paul (which was and still is common with authors), are given to the church with warmth.

-Finally the book ends with a precious doxology (a praise to God to give Him glory). He is able to strengthen according to the truth of His gospel, which Paul proclaimed (Romans 16:25). This gospel, which was in the past mysterious, has now been revealed in fullness and simplicity to all the nations by way of Christ’s work and the prophetic testimony (Old Covenant writings, i.e. the Old Testament) by the command of the eternal God to bring about the obedience of (by) faith (Romans 16:26).

 

Verse to Memorize- Romans 16:17

Romans Bible Study Notes- Chapter 15

Romans 15

 

-Paul now finishes up his theological imploring to the saints in Rome by letting them know they have an obligation to bear with the failings of the weak if they themselves are strong (Romans 15:1). Building up others is again the exhortation rather than pleasing one’s own self (Romans 15:1-2). This was the example of Christ in His incarnation and should be indicative of the believer’s walk as well. Christ even bore our reproach (reviling, insults heaped upon, Psalm 69:9, Romans 15:3). These are prophetic words from David written for our instruction, endurance, encouragement, and hope (Romans 15:4). The result is complete harmony in the unity with believing brothers and sisters in Christ. There is to be a welcoming Spirit in the church of the Living God for His glory (Romans 15:7). *Application* Community is a key ingredient in the Spirit-filled life as Paul points out here. To live side by side with each and bear their faults and shortcomings can be cumbersome and difficult, but oh so rewarding as we grow up together as one into maturity in Christ Jesus. Remember His example as the just suffered for the unjust and brought us sinners to a higher level of acceptance in the eyes of God (1 Peter 3:18). Fulfill the law of love by forbearing with one another.

-Paul uses Old Testament citations to explain the point of how Christ became a Servant to the circumcised (the Jewish people) to demonstrate God’s truthfulness in a confirmation of the promises given to the patriarchs (the Old Testament fathers of the faith who were given the oracles of God) (Romans 15:8). This has all been done so that his ministry to the Gentiles might be given and fulfilled as the Lord has called and commanded of the Apostle Paul and others. God wants to be glorified in the nations as they receive Him as Lord and Savior, which has been His plan all along as we can see from these diverse Old Testament passages (2 Samuel 22:50, Deuteronomy 32:43, Psalm 117:1, Isaiah 11:10). Paul’s prayer at the end of his theological teaching in this letter is for them, the Gentiles of Rome, to be filled by the God of hope with all joy and peace in believing, so that by the power of the Holy Spirit they may abound (have left overs, be extremely rich) in hope (Romans 15:13). *Application* God is so good to open up His message of hope, joy, peace, and righteousness to us. Extend His Kingdom of love everywhere you go as you are called by His grace and mercies. He was a Servant for us; let us be His willing vessels in return out of a heart of complete devotion and sanctification (set apart and growing).

-Paul now begins to tie up his letter with some final exhortation and instruction by way of reminder (Romans 15:15). He wants these believers to be full of goodness, knowledge, and able to pass these truths on to others (Romans 15:14). He defends his call and ministry in the power of God alone and shares his future wishes to come to them finally on his way to bring the gospel to Spain (Romans 14:16-24). Therefore, the writer moves into his travel plans in the letter. He was currently on his way to Jerusalem to deliver the contribution of the saints from Achaia and Macedonia for the poor in the Holy City (1 Corinthians 16:14, 2 Corinthians 8-9). The material blessings are an apropos return by the Gentiles for the spiritual blessing the nation of Israel had been to them (Romans 15:27). Paul longs to come to these saints in Rome one day and asked for intercession in the Spirit as he goes on his way to Jerusalem. Paul would eventually get to Rome, but not in the manner he expected. He would be incarcerated in Jerusalem unjustly, have to wait for a period of two years in Caesarea Maritima under arrest, and then be brought to Rome in an appeal to Caesar on a very adventurous journey by sea (Acts 21-28). We don’t know Scripturally if he ever made it to Spain. *Application* God directs our paths. We can make our plans, but it is God who guides and leads His chosen into the right spots and purposes for His mission. Be obedient in your spiritual journey. The Lord eventually rewards the faithful.

 

Verse to Memorize- Romans 15:13

Romans Bible Study Notes- Chapter 14

Romans 14

 

-Chapter 14 appears to be a call for mutual acceptance between the strong (who rightly don’t see the need to follow prescribed dietary laws and observance of days) and the weak (who may stumble over not doing things outlined particularly in the Law) (For more on this see 1 Corinthians 10:19-33). The key verse in this passage comes in verse 19, “So then let us pursue what makes for peace and for mutual upbuilding (ESV).” *Application* Passing judgment on someone for what they do in the Name of the Lord is to be condemned as we see here if it does not violate Scriptural principles. Observance of days (Christmas, Passover, Yom Kippur, Easter, etc.) and following specific dietary rules need not be a matter of our consternation in the brotherhood of Christ and His Kingdom. The Kingdom is about righteousness, peace, and joy in the Holy Spirit (Romans 14:17). We will all give an account of ourselves to God and come under His just jurisdiction for everything we do in this life (Romans 14:10-11). If we have Christ as our advocate we will stand (Romans 14:4, 18). Each person must be convinced in his own mind concerning the right thing to do for whatever does not proceed from faith is sin (Romans 14:5, 23). The principle is also this: Don’t ever be a stumbling block to a person and discourage their faith (Romans 14:13, 21). In every decision consider your fellow man as to how your action, attitudes, and comments may hinder them from becoming all God wants them to be. Let us build each other up for the glory of God!

 

Verses to Memorize- Romans 14:19, 23

Romans Bible Study Notes- Chapter 13

Romans 13

 

-Paul continues his remarks on the Christian life with a treatise on being subject to governing authorities in individuals’ lives. First, he makes it clear that these authorities have been instituted by God and those who resist these authorities resist what God has appointed (Romans 13:1-2). Those who rebel against their Divinely ordained governance will incur judgment and should be afraid of dire consequences. If we obey the laws of the land given by the authorities over us we will receive approval since these leaders are the Lord’s servants for our good (Romans 13:3-4). For the sake of a good conscience then, we must be in subjection to them as the Lord desires (Romans 13:5). This even applies to paying taxes; we are to give revenue to whom revenue is owed, to respect those to whom respect is owed, and to honor whom honor is owed (Romans 13:6-7). *Application* Jesus said, “render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s (Matthew 22:21, Mark 12:17, Luke 20:25).” This is a tough pill for us to swallow just a day after the taxes have been raised in our land following the deal to avert falling of the fiscal cliff. The fact remains that we are in subjection to those God places in power. Paul lived in time that was even more repressive than our current state, if you can believe that. Yet he wrote inspired words to tell us our biblical responsibility in attitude and practice towards our leaders. As tough as it seems, we must remember to show respect and honor and obedience to the rulers of our land even when we may be opposed to their policies in principle. God has given us this command they we may be approved (Romans 13:3).

-Therefore, we are to owe no one anything, except to love one another, which fulfills the Law (Romans 13:8-10). Love does no wrong to a neighbor, which gives perpetual goodness and overcomes evil (Romans 12:21). *Application* When tempted to complain and be bitter, remember to love and let God’s grace fill your heart, especially towards your fellow man.

-Paul in his last paragraph of this chapter offers us a wakeup call from our slumber. The day is at hand for us to put on the “armor of light” and to “walk properly as in the daytime (Romans 13:11-13).” The author then gets specific as to what we need to put off which are: orgies (carousing, revelry, excessive feasting), drunkenness, sexual immorality (promiscuity, fornication, adultery, homosexuality, etc.), sensuality (licentiousness, debauchery, insolence, disrespect), quarreling, and jealousy (Romans 13:13). Instead we are to “put on” the Lord Jesus Christ through His Holy Spirit and make no provision for the flesh, to gratify its desires (Romans 13:14). *Application* When the Light comes in the darkness has to flee. In the same way, when we wake up to Christ and live in Him, the deeds of flesh should vanish from our thoughts, words, and actions. The Spirit-filled life is what we are talking about here. Christ is the only one who can give us ultimate victory over these temptations and sins that attempt to beset us. Rely on His power to overcome!

 

Verses to Memorize- Romans 13:10, 14

Romans Bible Study Notes- Chapter 12

Romans 12

 

-This is a power packed chapter for Christian living as a holy and acceptable Spirit-filled bodily believer who has been saved by the mercies of God, transformed by the renewing of the mind and discerning of His good, acceptable, and perfect will not conformed to this world (Romans 12:1-2). Marks of a Christian the author includes here are:

humility,

sober judgment,

faithfulness (Romans 12:3),

at one with God and one another with spiritual giftedness (Romans 12:4-8),

genuine love,

abhorring (detest, reject) evil,

holding on to good (Romans 12:9),

affectionate brotherly love,

honoring one another to the extent of outdoing each other(Romans 12:10),

not having slothful (lazy, not liking work or physical exertion) zeal,

fervent (showing passionate enthusiasm, glowing hot) in spirit,

serving the Lord (Romans 12:11),

rejoicing in hope,

patience in tribulation,

constant (unceasing) in prayer (Romans 12:12),

contributing to the needs of the saints,

showing hospitality (kindness to visitors, guests, or strangers, a welcoming spirit) (Romans 12:13),

blessing those who persecute you without cursing (Romans 12:14),

rejoicing with those who rejoice (no jealousy),

weeping with those who weep (showing compassion) (Romans 12:15),

living in harmony (unity) with one another,

not haughty (condescending, behaving with a superior, arrogant attitude),

associating with the lowly,

not wise in your own sight (Romans 12:16),

not repaying one evil for evil,

doing what is honorable in everyone’s sight (Romans 12:17),

living peaceably with all as far as it depends on you (Romans 12:18),

never avenging (Romans 12:19),

feed and give drink to your enemy (Romans 12:20),

not being overcome by evil,

overcoming evil with good (Romans 12:21)

*Application* Which of these marks characterize your life right now? With which of these marks could we do a better job applying to our lives?

-This is one of several places in Scripture that speak of spiritual gifts (1 Corinthians 12, Ephesians 4, 1 Peter 4). Paul lists out prophecy, service, teaching, exhortation, generosity, leadership, and mercy in this passage. *Application* Employ (Stir up) the giftings with which the Lord has graciously given you to be a blessing and building up of the body of Christ (1 Timothy 4:14-15, 2 Timothy 1:6).

 

Verses to Memorize- Romans 12:1-2, 21

Romans Bible Study Notes- Chapter 11

Romans 11

 

-Paul makes it clear that the Lord has NOT rejected His people, the Israelites, forever. The key Scripture here for us is Romans 11:25, “a partial hardening has come over upon Israel, until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in.” There is still a remnant that will serve Him, as Paul was, but the majority, it is prophesied, will harden their hearts for the purpose of bringing in all the Gentiles who will accept the Jewish Messiah as King and Lord. This in no way nullifies the promises of God towards His people as they will come back to Him in the end and “all Israel will be saved (Romans 11:26).” This debunks the notion of replacement theology. God still has His chosen people in mind and will use them in His Kingdom purposes. He is simply bringing in as many as will receive Him from among the Gentiles during this church age in which we currently live. He has NOT forgotten His people or His promises. We as Gentiles can be “grafted in” to His family (the olive tree as it is illustrated in this chapter by Paul), but we should never become arrogant or prideful toward the “natural branches” realizing that they are our supporting root system (Romans 11:17-18). Belief is the key issue as we can clearly see in this passage. The believing faithful will inherit His blessings; the unbelievers will be cut off from His mercy and kindness (Romans 11:20). His gifts and call is irrevocable (ametamelatos- not to be regretted, not to be taken back) to His people (Romans 11:29). His covenant is secure and will endure to all generations. He has never and will never fail to fulfill His promises. Israel’s disobedience only gives God more glory because we as Gentiles can enter His rest in His mercy, riches, wisdom, and knowledge (Romans 11:32-33). His judgments are unsearchable (in other words, don’t try to figure them out) and His ways are inscrutable (mysterious, unfathomable) (Romans 11:33). He is the ultimate Counselor and He needs no repayment (Job 35:7, Isaiah 40:13, Romans 11:34-35). “For from Him and through Him and to Him are all things (Romans 11:36).” All glory belongs to our God! *Application* Jealousy and strife over this issue of salvation and who it is designed for should be relegated to deepest halls of hell. God wants to graft as many into His Kingdom, both Jew and Gentile, as He can. Repent from your sins and believe in the Lord Jesus Christ and YOU will be saved (Mark 1:15).

 

Verses to Memorize- Romans 11:25, 29, 36

Romans Bible Study Notes- Chapter 10

Romans 10

 

-In the midst of hearing about Paul’s burden for his people, Israel, we see some very important theological truths regarding saving faith in Jesus Christ. First, a zeal for God is not enough. This zeal must be accompanied with knowledge of the Truth in Christ (Romans 10:2). The Jewish people Paul claims established their own righteousness based on the Law. The end of the Law he rightly says is Christ Jesus for righteousness to everyone who believes (Romans 10:4). The person who does the commandments for their righteousness must live by them (Leviticus 18:5, Romans 10:5). This puts humanity in a quandary because perfect completion of the Law proves to be impossible by our own strength and power since we are born with a pull toward sin and depravity by nature. Therefore, the word of faith is the only thing that can save through believing in the promise and completed work of Christ Jesus our Lord and Savior. “If you confess with your mouth that Jesus is Lord and believe in your heart that God raised Him from the dead, you will be saved. For with the heart one believes and is justified, and with the mouth one confesses and is saved (Romans 10:9-10).” “Everyone who believes in Him will not be put to shame (Romans 10:11).” This applies to all people Jew and Gentile. The Lord is the same unto all people and bestows His riches on all who call upon Him (Romans 10:12). “For everyone who calls on the Name of the Lord will be saved (Romans 10:13).” *Application* If you have not called on the Name of the Lord Jesus to save you by His work of perfect sinless life, vicarious atoning death on the cross to cover our sins, burial, and physical-eternal resurrection, do so right now. Call upon the Name of the Lord and be saved! Waiting is a negative response. He wants you to be His child by faith and faith alone. This can make you righteous in His sight.

-Paul makes a plea for going out as witnesses through the preaching of the Word of God, which is all about faith in Jesus Christ, the Messiah. Without hearing, people cannot believe. There can be no hearing if there is no preaching. There can be no preaching unless someone is sent. The feet of those who bring good news are beautiful (Romans 10:14-15). *Application* Is the Lord calling you dear friend to spread His gospel by your voice. Preach the Word of God to anyone who will listen. Make your sent feet beautiful! “Faith comes by hearing, and hearing through the Word of Christ (Romans 10:17).”

-Paul’s final citations and words in this chapter yearn for acceptance of the gospel by the people of Israel. He sees the fulfillment of the Holy Scriptures in their turning away from the completed work of Christ Jesus and is in complete distress over it. He reiterates the prophecy of the coming jealousy by the Jews over the acceptance of the gospel of Christ among the Gentiles (Deuteronomy 32:21). Those who did not even seek the Messiah will be shown the righteousness by faith, whereas the Israelites missed it (Isaiah 65:1, Romans 10:20). This Paul correctly points out is simply because of their disobedience and contrary spirit towards the things of God (Isaiah 65:2, Romans 10:21). *Application* How foolish it is for any of us to turn away from God by His merciful gift of righteousness by faith in the work He has done for us. We cannot establish our own form of righteousness that is correct only in our own eyes. This was the problem during the times of the Judges and it can still be a monumental error today if we are not careful (Judges 17:6; 21:25, Isaiah 5:21). It’s not our way that is right, but God’s way. Obey Him; it’s easier than you might think.

 

Verses to Memorize- Romans 10:9-10, 13, 17

Romans Bible Study Notes- Chapter 9

Romans 9

 

-Paul’s longing as he comes out of his expose on life in the Spirit is for his people according to the flesh, the Israelites. As he speaks truth (Romans 9:1), he has great sorrow and unceasing anguish in his heart for his brothers and kinsmen to which belong the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the Law, the worship, the promises, the patriarchs, and the Messiah (Romans 9:2-5). He would give up even his relationship with Christ, he tells us, for their sake if they would receive their Savior. What an incredible statement the writer makes here. I personally wouldn’t want to give up my relationship with Christ Jesus for anything, but he loves them that much even though it had been Jewish people who had tried to take his life for his belief in Messiah Jesus. This plea of course is completely hypothetical and rhetorical. He had just finished a section on how nothing could separate him from the love of God in Christ Jesus. So, his relationship is secure and assured even though his desire is for his brethren and their salvation. *Application* Do we love those who persecute and ridicule us this much? If not, we need to check our spirit and do some confession and repentance. Christ’s love extends to all and our love needs to as well.

-Paul now addresses the fact that their rejection of their Messiah does not nullify the Word of God in any way. He goes into an explanation of the promise and how it applies to those of faith. The Father is working things for His glory, even in those He foreknew would reject Him and turn unto their own wide path of destruction. He is the Potter and we are the clay. He has mercy on whomever He wills, and he hardens whomever He wills (Romans 9:18). Some will take this as a double predestination proof text (Romans 9:14-21). There is no doubt that the Lord is sovereign and will get the glory even in those who turn away from His love and mercy. But, He also extends His plan the same to all as we can see in other portions of His Word (John 3:16, 1 Timothy 2:4, 2 Peter 3:9). He is impartial and wants all to know Him in truth (2 Chronicles 19:7, Job 34:19, Acts 10:34, Romans 2:11, Galatians 2:6, Ephesians 6:9, Colossians 3:25, 1 Peter 1:17). Paul’s point in this context should be clear enough. Even though God had given His people every opportunity to accept Him through His Son, they turned away, just as He knew they would, but He works it all together for good in that others are now opened up to the promise of God and the opportunity to hear about salvation by faith. This he verifies by the prophetic Word from the Old Testament passages he cites. The message is this: Christ has become a stumbling block because of their unbelief in Him as their chosen Messiah. *Application* God has an over arching plan and purpose for everything that He wills and allows in His sovereignty. We have limited understanding about all the intricacies of His work to bring Himself ultimate glory, which He deserves. Our job is to love Him with all our heart and share the good news with as many as He will call to Himself for salvation. Salvation is of God, not man. Enter by the narrow gate (Matthew 7:13-14). Trust in Him!

 

Verses to Memorize- Romans 9:22-24

Romans Bible Study Notes- Chapter 8

Romans 8

 

-The unique and unadulterated qualities of the Spirit-filled life are the emphasis in this amazing and hope-inspiring chapter of Scripture. Paul makes his turn from the self-centered and egocentric past into a transformed future for everyone who receives the Spirit of life that sets us free from the Law of sin and death erasing any condemnation and weakness of the flesh (Romans 8:1-3a). This Spirit of life comes from the indwelling Spirit of Jesus Christ, thus the phrase “in Christ” is important for us to meditate on and consider for our Christian walk in this world (Romans 8:1, 2, 9, 10, 11, 38-39). This is a hallmark phrase for not only Paul, but all in Scripture depicting the new spiritual birth and ongoing relationship we have with our Savior (John 3; 15; 16:33; 17:20-23, 1 Peter 1:3; 3:18; 5:10, 14, 2 Peter 1:8, Jude 1:1). We are now at one with Him and He is in us as believers to sanctify and seal for the day of redemption (John 17:19, Acts 26:18, 1 Corinthians 1:2; 6:11, 2 Corinthians 1:22, Ephesians 1:13; 4:30, Hebrews 10:14-23).

-Once the Spirit of life has come in and changed us we no longer have to walk as people of flesh, consumed with our natural desires and temptations. We now walk in newness of life according to His Spirit who controls and dominates our thoughts, words, and actions for the perpetuation of His Kingdom and a victorious-peaceful life in Him. This is the life that pleases our God as it dies to sin and lives in Him! *Application* We have no power in us to do good apart from the Holy Spirit that indwells us. Everyone has the Spirit working on them to convict and do right (kind of like the cartoon depiction you see with the angel on one side and the devil on the other trying to convince in a particular decision, John 16:8). But, only the believer has the indwelling Holy Spirit based on their yieldedness and surrender in faith. This is the power to overcome evil with good as It fills us and dominates our lives (Romans 12:21). He is the One who puts to death the deeds of our natural body (Romans 8:13). It truly is “by the Spirit.”

-If you have the Spirit, you have life and will not fall back into the spirit of slavery in fear (Romans 8:15). Your spirit will bear witness with His Spirit that you are a child of God through adoption as sons (or daughters for females). This relationship is familial and we can always cry out to our Heavenly Daddy as heirs with Christ Jesus. This at times will be a life of suffering as we see here in Scripture (Romans 8:17-25), but it is a life of hope that we will one day be glorified with Him just as He was in His resurrected state (1 Corinthians 15). This is a life of patient endurance that relies on prayers of intercession from the Spirit of God in our weakness (Romans 8:25-26). His promise is to intercede for us with groanings too deep for words that will help us comply with His will in whatever particular circumstance knowing that all things are working together for good for those that love Him and are called according to His purpose (Romans 8:26-28).

-Paul gives us, in what my opinion is, the most important section in Scripture in determining the interpretation of election and the sovereign will of God as to predestination (Romans 8:29-30). Paul, being led by the Holy Spirit, gives us the proper order written down in the halls of eternity past as to salvation. Notice in his description that he begins with God’s foreknowledge. God is omniscient (knowing all things) and has perfect knowledge of everything we will think, say, and do during the course of our lives. In other words, He knows every decision and choice that we will make even before we make it. Based on that knowledge, He predestines (this is not deterministic) whom will be conformed to His Son’s image (the first born among many brothers in the spiritual sense, this is not to say we are co-equal with Jesus Christ, but co-heirs, let this be clear, Romans 8:17). The predestination of God, based on His complete foreknowledge of the end from the beginning, initiates the call on one’s life. Those who are called, again with His all-knowing capacity to discern thoughts and intentions and perpetuation, in faith accept His deliverance, which brings on justification (again, this is a legal term declaring the person innocent of all wrongdoing). The justified have His Spirit and will be glorified upon departure from this earth to life with Him eternally.

-Because of this fact, Paul finishes this section with an emphatic exhortation that spells out just how God is for us and will never leave us or forsake us in this journey through life with all its peaks and valleys giving us all things that we need. Through Him we are conquerors because He loves us (Romans 8:37)! Nothing will separate us from this love of God in Jesus Christ our Lord (Romans 8:38-39)! *Application* Live in Christ by His Spirit.

 

Verses to Memorize- Romans 8:1, 9, 28

Romans Bible Study Notes- Chapter 7

Romans 7

 

-Paul sets up his teaching on the Spirit-filled life by instructing on how the Law no longer applies post death. He uses a well known fact from the Law to point this out concerning marriage obligations (Romans 7:2-3). Just like this Law, Paul says that the believer has died to the old self, which was indulging in the flesh through the knowledge of the Law producing the fruits of death by our sinful passions (Romans 7:5). Christ Jesus frees us from the obligations of the Law, which held us in captivity, so that we can serve the Lord in the new way of the Spirit forsaking the necessity of the old written code (Romans 7:6).

-This does not give us the right to be licentious in any way. Paul says again, “Certainly not (Ma genoita, Romans 7:7)!” The Law is righteous and reveals what sin is. It doesn’t excuse us from it, but simply points us to the Savior, who can redeem us from its consequences in grace through His love and mercy. The commandment made sin alive and its temptation real in the lives of us all. It promised life to those who could follow it, but the sinful nature of mankind proves too strong to overcome by our own strength, which necessitates the need for a Savior, who is Jesus Christ our Lord. The Law is holy and righteous and good, but sin takes opportunity through the giving of the commandments to deceive and kill (Romans 7:10-13).

-The statement “The Law is spiritual, but I am of the flesh, sold under sin (Romans 7:14)” is critical for our understanding of this whole section of Scripture. We find ourselves in a cosmic war for our souls with a natural-fallen flesh that has a propensity toward sin and evil because of our inborn depravity through the sins of our ancestors (Remember in Adam all die, Romans 5:14-19, 1 Corinthians 15:22). This limitation restricts our understanding and confuses our ability to discern right from wrong, good from evil. This leads us to do the very things we hate and causes consternation within us taking our peace and oneness with the Lord. We might desire to do what is right, but we don’t have the ability within our flesh to carry it out (Romans 7:18). Nothing good dwells in us through our natural state. This message could resonate within the Hellenistic culture that Paul was teaching thanks to the Platonic thought where the flesh/spirit dichotomy was accepted and lived by. It is the sin within us as the operating power, which many scholars believe even extends to the believer in a carnal state of sanctified disease. This is why Paul says it like this, “For I delight in the Law of God, in my inner being, but I see in my members another law waging war against the law of my mind and making me captive to the law of sin that dwells in my members. Wretched man that I am! Who will deliver me from this body of death (Romans 7:22-24)?”

-The conclusion to all of this confusion and hopeless is actually positive. The credit and thanksgiving goes to Jesus Christ our Lord and Savior who rescues us from this total depravity and gives us His Spirit, which is taken up in the new life described in chapter 8.

-*Application* It is important for us to observe the first person personal pronouns that Paul uses to describe himself in this section. For an interesting exercise, count up all the “I’s” in this section. This is purposeful for our edification in this cosmic spiritual battle we find ourselves in. Compare the end of chapter 7 to the entire chapter 8 of Romans as the Spirit becomes the dominant Word for the power to live correctly in peace and victory. The point is this: We can’t live righteously by ourselves; it is only through the presence and power of the Holy Spirit dominating our lives that we can overcome our sin nature and live a life pleasing to our Creator. Yield to the Spirit and quit trying to do it by yourself in the flesh!

 

Verse to Memorize- Romans 7:24-25

Romans Bible Study Notes- Chapter 6

Romans 6

 

-The contrast between death to sin and life in Christ is expounded upon by Paul in this classic section that begins to develop what the Christian life is all about for the believer. First, we should note that there is a setting free from sin that occurs, not based on the Law, but on grace working through faith. This is so that righteous may abound in the believer’s life, not sin, corruption, and licentiousness. Paul says a couple of times, “May this never be (Ma genoita)!” to display an emphatic negation of unrighteous living in the Christian once separated from the world and it desires through faith in the salvation which comes through Jesus Christ (Romans 6:2, 15). The deals is this: We have been crucified in our old selves when we trusted in the Savior and took on His death to sin. It no longer reigns in our mortal beings because if we died to sin, we now live in and to Christ Jesus with His resurrection power that dominates and controls our new lives in Him! Sin no longer has dominion as we escape the corruption which the Law pronounces upon us through His grace (Romans 6:14)! This is done in obedience to our benevolent and loving God who we are now slaves to in righteousness (Romans 6:18, 22). This leads progressively to our sanctification (being set apart and growing) for “the wages of sin is death, but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord (Romans 6:23).” *Application* You will be a slave no matter what the Bible says (Romans 6:17-18). It is better to give yourself over to the Master who can save you and set you free from the bondage and ownership of sin in your life. Sin will seem fun for a season, but its end is death and destruction and will take you down a terrible road ultimately. Trust Christ for redemption and reconciliation, which sets you free from Satan’s dominion over you. Your new life is dominated by good and His plan, which is to prosper you and cause you no harm with purpose, life, a future, and hope (Jeremiah 29:11). You can’t beat that!

 

Verse to Memorize- Romans 6:23

Romans Bible Study Notes- Chapter 5

Romans 5

 

-Let’s now take a look at the beautiful truths of God’s demonstrated grace over the sins of mankind in this fifth chapter of Romans that is crucial for our understanding for forgiveness. Paul begins again with the fact that justification by faith is what saves us. This justification (a legal term declaring the guilty innocent and completely pardoned) gives us peace with God through the work of Jesus Christ (Romans 5:1). This grace allows us to stand and we can rejoice continually in the hope of this magnificent glory of God (Romans 5:2). This hope endures all things and allows us to rejoice even if life’s difficulties. For we can “rejoice in our sufferings, knowing that suffering produces endurance, and endurance produces character, and character produces hope, and hope does not put us to shame, because God’s love has been poured into our hearts through the Holy Spirit who has been given to us (Romans 5:3-5).” *Application* The Christian has hope, the world ultimately does not. Our belief in the Son of God and His work saves us from everything this messed up world can bring at us. Through Him we have complete and assured VICTORY!!!!

-Paul goes on to reflect on the state of the unregenerate before Christ comes in to do His saving work. The phrase, “While we were still sinners (Romans 5:8),” is important because it totally abandons the need for us to falsely think we did anything to deserve this mercy of the LORD. In other words, the author says that “While we were still weak (Romans 5:6),” Christ died for us, the ungodly and dysfunctional fallen. This happened at the right time, which in another place is called the fullness of time (pleroma, Galatians 4:4). The coming of Christ during the Roman era was the perfect, God-ordained, moment in history for His plans and His purposes. He never makes mistakes and orchestrated these events for His glory and the redemption of mankind to anyone who chooses to believe. The enemies of God can now be reconciled (reconnected, made right again) by the death of His Son. This reconciliation saves us by His resurrected and eternal life (Romans 5:10)! This gives us everlasting joy in our Lord Jesus Christ deserving of our continual praise and devotion (Romans 5:11)! *Application* This is the best news we’ve ever heard!!!! God died in our place that both He and us may life eternally starting at our moment of belief! We don’t have to wait for the afterlife to start celebrating. Our joy is now and should be absolutely contagious to those around us. We are the aroma of Christ (Genesis 8:21, 2 Corinthians 2:14-15)!

-Paul now develops the doctrine of the depravity of man through the sin of one man, Adam (Romans 5:12-21). Adam is contrasted by the Savior, Jesus Christ, and His work to make all alive spiritually who will trust in Him through His death, burial, and resurrection (the atoning work). This is clearly stated as “a free gift,” which negates the need for any boasting on our behalf as to earning salvation (Romans 5:15-17, 1 Corinthians 1:26-31, Ephesians 2:8-9). Notice the play on obedience in verse 19 as well. Whereas mankind proved disobedient resulting in the making sin, the Son’s obedience makes righteous those who will turn in faith to the Living Sacrifice. The Law came in to increase the trespass (in other words, give us a knowledge of what we do wrong), but where sin increased, grace abounded all the more (overflowed) leading to life eternally in righteousness through Jesus Christ our Lord (Romans 5:20-21). *Application* If you are a believer and have been one for some time, pause a few moments and re-reflect on God’s faithful provision and abundant life that He has freely given to you out of His grace and mercy. If you have never trusted the Savior, today is your opportunity for new life in Christ and forgiveness of all sin. Call on Him today! Don’t delay! A delay is a nay because of the uncertainty of time. The gospel is simple and free, though it will cost you your life. No worries, it is the best kind of life one could ever want. Remember we can have peace (Romans 5:1)!

 

Verse to Memorize- Romans 5:8, 10

Romans Bible Study Notes- Chapter 4

Romans 4

 

-Paul goes into the faithful walk of Abraham in his argument that it is faith that justifies a person by the work of Jesus Christ the Savior (Romans 4:13, 16, 20-22). He not only applies this message to the great patriarch, but to all those who have faith (Romans 4:16, 23-25). This is the hope of the promise of God and extends to us by His grace, not obedience to the Law on our part (again because this proves to be impossible with our sin nature). He also uses a quote from Psalms 32:1-2 to show the nature of God to forgive transgressions and cover the depravity of man by His mercy. This is the great theological passage that woke up Martin Luther, who triggered the reformation, when he realized what the gospel was really all about compared to the false teaching the Romans Catholic (Universal) Church had been propagating in the early 1500’s.

-This gift of salvation through faith is clearly opened up, not only to the circumcised Jews, but the uncircumcised Gentiles as well. One needs to remember that Abraham did not even yet have the Law of Moses when his righteousness was counted to him by his faith (even though he was given circumcision as a sign). Faith in the promise is what it is all about. God gives the Law to point out sin and transgression many years later. The Law restrains evil, but it can never impute righteousness. This is the main idea to what Paul through the Holy Spirit is communicating.

-Lastly today, notice the importance of the resurrection in the belief system leading to righteousness (Romans 4:24). Our faith that God raised His Son Jesus Christ from the dead is an essential ingredient in the salvific message (Romans 10:9-10). This is where the rubber meets the road so to speak.

-*Application* What do you actually believe when it comes to the Person Jesus Christ and the work that He did for you personally? This is the pivotal question that each and every individual must ask. This is the question that has eternal implications as we learn from reading, studying, and understanding the Holy Scriptures and God’s plan for our salvation. Believe and receive by faith!

 

Verse to Memorize- Romans 4:3

Romans Bible Study Notes- Chapter 3

Romans 3

 

-Peter rightly said in his epistle that some of the things that Paul writes are on the surface difficult to learn and comprehend (2 Peter 3:15-16). Paul is a master theologian inspired by the Holy Spirit to write deep Scripture, as Peter points out in the above verses. He is given authority to write biblical content by the Lord who saved him and brings us to new levels of understanding God’s Holy Word through exposing the mysteries of the gospel (Romans 16:25-26).

-Here in chapter 3 this theological explanation is developed in the justice of God through His faithfulness. He further debunks the notion that man can earn salvation outwardly by external and cultural means. He develops the idea that we are totally dependent and reliant on the faithfulness of God for redemption with an eye on conformity to His will, plan, and direction for our lives. He addresses the common argument of cheap grace in verse 8 as he weaves a beautiful tapestry of God’s truth verses the lies and deceptions of man. He quotes Psalms 51:4, which is David’s remorseful Psalm of repentance, to verify and justify God’s Word and His sovereignty in understanding salvation matters in his argument that Jews are no better off when it comes to the payment for the release of sin. All are under sin and require a Redeemer Savior.

-Paul further cites the Old Testament from Psalm 14:1-3; 53:1-3; 5:9; 140:3; 10:7, Proverbs 1:16, and Isaiah 59:7-8. He ends his lengthy cross reference for illumination with Psalm 36:1 that postulates the essential reason for their debauchery, “There is no fear of God before their eyes.” The summation is clear, “by works of the Law no human being will be justified in His (The LORD’s) sight, since through the knowledge of the Law comes knowledge of sin (Romans 3:20).”

-The “But now” contrast is an important and hopeful turn in the course of human dignity and restoration as Paul gives us the plan of God for salvation through Jesus Christ in taking on His righteousness as believers in His work on the cross apart from the Law. Christ is our propitiation (the act of atoning for sin or wrongdoing, especially appeasing Deity) by His blood received through faith giving us His righteousness. God in His forbearance passes over our former sins divinely through faith in Jesus (Romans 3:25). Christ is the Just and the Justifier of anyone who believes (Romans 3:26)!

-This then excludes boasting. Salvation is a work of the Lord, not man, which means that He deserves full credit and glory for the operation of it. In other words, Paul is making it clear that we, on our part, can never work our way into God’s good graces by our own merit. This does not nullify the Law, but upholds it as the teacher of what is holy verses what is corruption in God’s sight (Galatians 3:22-26). The law of faith is that which saves from the penalty of the law. *Application* These intricate concepts are essential for us to understand if we are to be secure in our salvific faith in Christ Jesus. Just as people struggled with their identity 2,000 years ago in Christ, we also have a tendency to do the same thing today. Belief in what He has done is the only thing that can save a soul from Hell. Only He has the ability to cleanse us from the sins which we have committed against Him and our fellow man. This frees us from the bondage of works based religion, which is the deception of the world. Amen!

 

 

Verse to Memorize- Romans 3:23

Bible Study Notes in Romans- Chapter 2

Romans 2

 

-Chapter two begins with the fact that man is without excuse in his judgments. It harkens back to Jesus’ teaching on taking the log out of one’s own eye before making assumptions and calling out our brother in judgment (Matthew 7:1-5). This was of particular interest to the sin of the Jews in not accepting the Christ, which is more than likely Paul’s theological argument throughout this passage and possibly the entire letter. They could not sit in a place to correct others because they were involved in the same sins they were denouncing (Romans 2:2-3, 17-24). Paul’s point through the inspiration of the Holy Spirit is that it is God’s kindness that is meant to lead us to repentance, and we are never to presume upon (take lightly, scorn, despise, look down on) those riches that He bestows on us through His mercy (Romans 2:4). The hard and impenitent heart will do these evil things, which stores up God’s punishment rather than releasing His joy upon us. *Application* God is our righteous judge and will be corrected by no one. His kindness, patience, and forbearance are the only hope we have as people who have naturally fallen from His grace through our indwelling sin, which was bestowed through Adam (Hosea 6:7, 1 Corinthians 15:21-22). Jesus Christ is the only answer for our salvation and He is the only One worthy to judge us. The good news is that He doesn’t want to judge us, but forgive us if we accept and receive His sacrifice on the cross. Even though we don’t deserve it and could never earn it, God loves us that much to offer it to us freely.

-The next main thought in this chapter deals with the impartiality of God. He plays no favorites! Each man will be judged according to his own works and will be held accountable. Here in lies a huge problem for us as depraved human beings that no doubt have sinned and come short of the glory of God (Romans 3:23). We are on the side of evil coming into this world and bent on it in every way. To do good on our own accord proves futile in the end because we prove over and over again to be miserable failures at it. God, who is rich in grace, mercy, and forgiveness, relents (changes His mind, takes pity on us) when we turn to Him in faith and gives us a new birth through His Son (2 Corinthians 5:17). This is the power to do good as we seek what Paul talks about here in glory, honor, peace and immortality with eternal life. Notice that the author says that those who are self-seeking, disobedient, and unrighteous will in fact incur God’s just wrath and fury. For these, there will be eternal tribulation and distress both Jewish and Greek (Romans 2:8-9). *Application* It is our opportunity to take the righteousness of Christ because He makes it abundantly available to all. To reject this offer means doom and perishing of our own doing. Turn to God and receive His glory, honor, peace, and eternal life!

-“It is not the hearers of the Law who are righteous before God, but the doers of the Law who will be justified (Romans 2:13).” Paul and James actually do have the same theology don’t they (James 1:22; 2:18-26)? The question for us becomes: 1. What is the Law? 2. And how can we do the Law? To answer the first question, think of Jesus’ answer when asked which commandment was greatest. Love God and love people was His response, correct? How can we accomplish that? By turning completely to Jesus in faith and dying to ourselves. It is just that simple. When we turn to God, His righteousness can indwell us through His Holy Spirit and we are made new. This is God’s graceful act of mercy that produces permanent life change. It is a free gift that will produce deep-affectionate love resulting in continual good works (Ephesians 2:8-10). This is what sanctification, in the growing sense, is all about. *Application* Be a doer, not just a hearer.

-Lastly, we see an inward focus here in Paul’s theological treatise. Outward conformity to forms of religion (he talks of circumcision here) is not sufficient for transformation of the spirit of man. This comes only through the Holy Spirit of God, not by the letter of the Law (Romans 2:29). This leaves no glory for man and his doings, but only praise from, through, and to God (Romans 11:36)! *Application* Where does your hope and salvation come from? You or the Lord? Think about the meaning of the Name Jesus (it means God saves).

 

Verse to Memorize- Romans 2:4

Bible Study Notes in Romans- Chapter 1

Romans 1

 

-Paul begins his most complete theological epistle in his usual fashion by declaring himself a slave (a doulos, a bond-servant). This is significant and was a trademark of all Christians who had been bought with the price of Christ’s blood for redemption. This indicated total life change and submission to the will of the Lord in every facet of their being. *Application* Are you sold out as a slave to Jesus Christ, the Lord and Savior?

-Paul also includes his calling as an apostle in the introduction to this letter to all the believers in Rome. He claims sanctification, or a setting apart, for the gospel (truth) of God, which the Lord had promised beforehand in the Old Testament Holy Scriptures through His prophets (Romans 1:1-2). This gospel concerned God’s Son, Jesus Christ, who was descended from David (another important and significant theme of the entire Word of God), according to the flesh (Christ was no mirage or spirit, He was incarnate in body form). His proving power by the Spirit of Holiness was His resurrection from the dead, which is a constant and necessary biblical doctrine that Paul emphasizes here (Romans 1:4). This Lord has given His believers grace, apostleship, and peace through faith (faithful obedience, Romans 1:5) in His work for the sake of His Name. This is to spread among all the nations as a righteous calling to a heavenly destiny as saints, loved by God (Romans 1:5-6). *Application* What a wonderful world it will be when we all are set free from the bondage of sin and depravity by the grace, peace, and love of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ through faith in Him alone. God has called you to be His child and disciple. Submit to that revelation and live eternally with joy!

-Paul goes on to thank the Lord for these believers. This is also a trademark of Pauline authorship and a biblical mandate. *Application* We are to give thanks in all things (Ephesians 5:20). Have a heart of gratitude towards those that God has blessed you with in your life, especially those of like faith.

-Paul adds a personal note about how he mentions these Romans believers without ceasing, meaning that everywhere he goes he talks about them and their faith. He had not yet been to Rome we see in the text (Romans 1:10, 13). This letter was probably written in Corinth in approximately 57 A.D. before Paul went to Jerusalem and was arrested, which eventually landed him in Rome as a prisoner appealing to Caesar. He wanted to impart some spiritual gift to his brethren to strengthen them. Here we see another great theme of Pauline authorship. He was huge on edification (building up, Romans 14:19, 15:2, 1 Corinthians 10:23; 14:12, 26, 2 Corinthians 10:8, 13:10, Ephesians 4:12, 16, 29). *Application* Encouragement is so vital to our Christian walk. Paul talks about mutual encouragement and building up (Romans 1:12). Encourage others as you go through life in the Lord. Also, receive positive words of building up and meditate on their significance. Words are powerful (Proverbs 10:31, Matthew 12:36-37, Luke 19:22).

-We can see Paul’s eagerness to preach the gospel here in the passage, even stated (Romans 1:15). He is not ashamed of this gospel for a reason. It is the power of God for salvation (redemption, cleansing, perfection in God’s eyes) for everyone who believes (Romans 1:16). It was for the Jew first, but also included is the Gentile, to whom Paul is writing (Romans 1:16b). Paul says that “in it” (the gospel), the righteousness of God is revealed from faith (a faithful God) for faith (our reciprocating free will choice by humanity) (Romans 1:17). It is all about faith as the author quotes Habakkuk 2:4, “The righteous shall live by faith.”

-Now that introductions are through and some insight gained, Paul begins to hit hard with his theological message beginning with the depravity of man who suppresses the truth by their ungodliness and unrighteousness, which justly brings on the revealed wrath of God the Father (Romans 1:18). Paul makes the point that man is without excuse for coming to the Lord in obedience even out of natural revelation (Romans 1:19-20). Even though people knew about God, they did not honor Him as God or give Him thanks (Romans 1:21). The rebellion made their thinking futile and their hearts became darkened (Romans 1:21). They thought they were wise, but became fools in this natural and demonic state (Romans 1:22). This led to an exchanging of glory. The immortal God was cast aside for images resembling mortal man, birds, animals, and creeping things (in another word: idols). God gave them over to these false gods as they exchanged the truth of God for lies and deception. *Application* In life it all comes down to your object of worship. You as a human being will worship something or someone. It is the natural way that God has designed. Cling to His truth and don’t be deceived. Satan is a roaring lion seeking someone to devour (1 Peter 5:8). God will let you go your own way if you choose. He is not a deterministic God, but He does love you and died for you so that you can come back to Him in faith and repentance for eternal life. By Jesus’ wounds we are healed (1 Peter 2:24)!

-Paul gives us the scenario for what happens in individuals and cultures that turn their back on the Lord and His ways. God in His freedom allows men and women to go their own way if they choose to abandon His glory and exchange it for something else. The result is a debased mind to do what ought not to be done. Paul lists some of these corruptions here including homosexuality, unrighteousness, evil, covetousness, malice (intent to do harm, hatred, meanness), envy, murder, strife, deceit, gossip, slander, hating God, insolence (disrespectful), haughtiness (pride), being boastful, inventors of evil, disobedience to parents, foolishness, faithless (perhaps the most important one here), heartless, and ruthless. Even though they know God’s righteous decree that those who do these things deserve to die, they do them and give approval to those who practice such atrocities (Romans 1:32). *Application* Paul paints a realistic picture of what we know the world to be in its unregenerated state apart from God’s forgiveness and mercy by faith. The point is that we are without excuse. God has demonstrated what He expects and has even provided the payment for sin on the cross through His Son’s work if we will accept it (Romans 5:8). Heed the call of the Lord in this power packed chapter of Scripture!

 

Verse to Memorize- Romans 1:16